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CNN —Blizzard conditions continued to slam Northern California over the weekend with damaging winds and heavy snow dumping on mountain ridges down to the valleys. The most extreme conditions are unfolding at the highest elevations in the mountains, with whiteout conditions and hurricane-force winds. The weather service has warned of “high to extreme” avalanche danger through Sunday afternoon in the Central Sierra and Greater Lake Tahoe area. “Expect snowy conditions throughout the park,” park officials said. A blizzard warning remains in effect for the park area until 7 p.m. on Sunday, according to the National Weather Service in Hanford, California.

Persons: “, Whiteouts, Brooke Hess, Mario Tama Organizations: CNN, Blizzard, Prediction, Central Sierra, Intermountain, Weather, West, National Weather Service, California Department of Transportation, Donner Summit, California Highway Patrol, Facebook, Officials Locations: Northern California, Sierra Nevada, Nevada, Greater Lake Tahoe, Sierra, California, Tahoe, Twin, Truckee, Truckee , California, Colfax, Yosemite, Hanford , California

☆ How hydrogen bombs compare to atomic bombs, and how scientists created the most destructive weapon ever
▼ + stars: | 2023-09-24 | by ( Adam Barnes | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +11 min

Hydrogen bombs and atomic bombs are both nuclear weapons that can cause mass destruction. But just seven years later an even more destructive nuclear bomb was built — the hydrogen bomb. Whereas hydrogen bombs get their power from a combination of fission and its opposite — nuclear fusion — the binding of atoms. Hydrogen vs. atomic bombs: damage and destructionWhile atomic bomb blasts are measured in kilotons — 1 kt is equivalent to the explosive force of 1,000 tons of TNT — hydrogen bombs are often measured in megatons. AdvertisementAdvertisementBoth atomic and hydrogen bombs are nuclear weapons and therefore create long-lasting, dangerous nuclear fallout.

Persons: Otto Hahn, Fritz Strassman, Hahn, Lisa Meitner, Otto Frisch, Meitner, Frisch, Alex Wellerstein, Wellerstein, Little, Amanda Macias, Tsar, Soviet Union —, Bomba, it's Organizations: Service, Trinity, Stevens Institute of Technology, Little Boy, Lions, TNT, Little, Bravo, US, Hanford , Washington . Department of Locations: Wall, Silicon, United States, Japan, Austrian, Nagasaki, Hiroshima, megatons, Soviet Union, Soviet, Manhattan, Los Angeles, Hanford , Washington

☆ How atomic bombs work and why Manhattan Project scientists designed two types of bombs during WWII
▼ + stars: | 2023-08-09 | by ( Adam Barnes | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +7 min

Atomic bombs work via a process called nuclear fission that involves atom splitting. Albert Einstein didn't make the first atomic bombs, but his famous equation explains how they work. Scene from the film "Oppenheimer," where Cillian Murphy stands next to the first ever atomic bomb to detonate. The scientists designed and completed two different types of atomic bombs because they weren't sure which method would work. Since scientists working on the Manhattan Project weren't quite sure if the plutonium bomb's implosion method would work, they decided to test one before it was used in the war.

Persons: Albert Einstein didn't, Oppenheimer, Cillian Murphy, J, Robert Oppenheimer —, they'd, Albert Einstein, Oppenheimer —, Amanda Macias, Sun, Robert Oppenheimer Organizations: Service, University of Nevada, Trinity, TNT, National Security Research, Los, Manhattan, Hiroshima . Little, Los Alamos National Laboratory Nuclear, Nagasaki . Locations: Wall, Silicon, University of Nevada Las Vegas, New Mexico, Hiroshima, Germany, Los Alamos, United States, Manhattan, Oak Ridge , Tennessee, Los, Hanford , Washington, Nagasaki

It began Friday in the New York Mountains of California’s Mojave National Preserve and crossed state lines into Nevada on Sunday. The fire is burning through and threatening groves of Joshua trees – the branching, spiky plants of the Mojave Desert that can live more than 150 years. The Mojave National Preserve is a significant hotspot for biodiversity, with one conservationist calling it the “crown jewel” of the deserts of Southern California. But rain in the Mojave Desert, which is seasonal and scarce, “poses a unique challenge to firefighters,” the Mojave National Preserve said. They will be on the lookout for desert tortoises, making sure to avoid burrows and active individuals,” the Mojave National Preserve said.

Persons: Joshua, Joshua trees, Marc Peebles, Cody Hanford, “, ” Hanford, David Swanson, ” Laura Cunningham, ” Cunningham Organizations: CNN, York, Land Trust, Getty, Mojave, KVVU, National Park Service, Park Service Mojave National, Firefighters, National Interagency Fire Center, Preserve, “ Locations: California, Nevada, New York, Southern California, Mexico, AFP, Cima

[1/3] U.S. Secretary of Energy Jennifer Granholm delivers a speech during the CERAWeek energy conference in Houston, Texas, U.S., March 8, 2023. REUTERS/Callaghan O'Hare/File PhotoWASHINGTON, July 28 (Reuters) - The largest U.S. solar power site and other clean energy projects could be built on lands owned by the Department of Energy, including where components for Cold War-era atomic bombs were developed, the agency said on Friday. The administration wants the U.S. grid to run on clean energy by 2035. The event included developers of renewable power and nuclear power, involving participants with experience implementing clean electricity projects generating at least 200 megawatts. Reporting by Timothy Gardner and Laura Sanicola in Washington Editing by Marguerita ChoyOur Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.

Persons: Energy Jennifer Granholm, Callaghan O'Hare, Jennifer Granholm, Granholm, Joe Biden's, Hanford, Timothy Gardner, Laura Sanicola, Marguerita Choy Organizations: Energy, REUTERS, WASHINGTON, Department of Energy, DOE, U.S . Energy, Washington , D.C, Idaho National Laboratory, Nevada Nuclear Security, Manhattan, Thomson Locations: Houston , Texas, U.S, Washington ,, Hanford, Richland , Washington, Idaho, Idaho Falls , Idaho, Nye County , Nevada, Savannah, Aiken , South Carolina, Carlsbad , New Mexico, Washington

☆ Long after Oppenheimer, the US is still paying benefits to people who were exposed to radiation from nuclear tests
▼ + stars: | 2023-07-25 | by ( Jake Epstein | Chris Panella | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +7 min

Decades after Oppenheimer, the US still pays benefits to people exposed to nuclear radiation. Civilians who contracted cancer or other diseases due to nuclear testing also receive benefits. Long after the creation and testing of that first nuclear weapon and the many more tests that followed, Washington is still paying benefits to veterans and civilians exposed to radiation from nuclear bomb tests and cleanups. It was over 40 years after the first nuclear test, codenamed "Trinity," before the risks and dangers were officially recognized. Jeff T. Green/Getty ImagesCurrent VA benefits related to nuclear radiation exposure include cleanups at the Marshall Islands and Palomares, Spain, from a 1966 US Air Force plutonium accident.

Persons: Oppenheimer, Christopher Nolan's, Robert Oppenheimer, Bill Clinton's, Eileen Welsome's, Markey, Ken Brownell, Francis Lincoln Grahlfs, Brownell, Jeff T Organizations: Manhattan, Service, Los Alamos Laboratory, Trinity, Universal Pictures, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MPI, Manhattan Project, Marshall, Air Force, McMurdo, Manhattan Project's Trinity Locations: Marshall, Wall, Silicon, Nazi Germany, Hiroshima, Nagasaki, Washington, Japan, Nevada, Hanford, Palomares, Spain, McMurdo Antarctica, Ukraine

☆ Oppenheimer never won a Nobel Prize, but these 31 scientists with ties to the Manhattan Project did
▼ + stars: | 2023-07-24 | by ( Jenny Mcgrath | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +26 min

Manhattan Project: After a harrowing escape from Nazi-occupied Denmark in 1943, Bohr began consulting on the Manhattan Project. Manhattan Project: Between 1943 and 1944, Muller was a civilian advisor for the Manhattan Project, consulting on experiments studying the effects of radiation. Maria Goeppert Mayer, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1963Maria Goeppert Mayer worked on the Manhattan Project and later won the Nobel Prize in physics. Manhattan Project: Working as an assistant to his father, Niels Bohr, Aage Bohr proved instrumental in interpreting for some members of the Manhattan Project. Manhattan Project: At 18, Glauber was still a student at Harvard when he became one of the youngest scientists to join the Manhattan Project.

Persons: Robert Oppenheimer, Alfred Nobel, Joseph Rotblat, Albert Einstein, Christopher Nolan's, Oppenheimer, Niels Bohr, Bohr, Nicholas Baker, Nick, James Franck, Boyer, Roger Viollet, Gustav Ludwig Hertz, Niels Bohr's, Franck, Arthur Compton, Imagno, Compton, Harold Urey, Harold, Urey, James Chadwick, Chadwick, Enrico Fermi, Fermi, Ernest Lawrence, Lawrence, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Nancy R, Schiff, Rabi, Hermann Muller, Muller, Edwin McMillan, Bettmann, Glenn Seaborg, McMillan, Elsie McMillan, Seaborg, Felix Bloch, Edward Purcell, Nobel, Hans Bethe, Bloch, Purcell, Emilio Segrè, Owen Chamberlain, Chamberlain, Segrè, Willard Libby, Leona Libby, Lowell, Libby, Linus Pauling, Leona Woods Marshall Libby, Eugene Wigner, Wigner, Leo Szilard's, Einstein, Franklin D, Roosevelt, Maria Goeppert Mayer, J, Hans Jensen, Goeppert Mayer, Teller, Richard Feynman, Tomonaga, Julian Schwinger, Fenynman, Hans Bethe's, Feynmwan, Feynman, Schwinger, Robert Mulliken, Mulliken, Szilard, Hans A, Bethe, Luis Alvarez, Alvarez, Enola Gay, Walter Alvarez, James Rainwater, Aage Bohr, Ben Mottelson, Rainwater, Wu, Aage Niels Bohr, Mottelson, mumbled, Val Fitch, James Cronin, Fitch, Jerome Karle, Isabelle, Larry Morris, Herbert Hauptman, Karle, Isabella Karle, Norman Ramsey, Ellie Welch, Ramsey, Norman Ramsey's Nobel, David Cheskin, Rotblat, Russell, Bertrand Russell, Enstinen, Frederick Reines, Philippe Caron, Sygma, Reines, Roy Glauber, Gail Oskin, Glauber Organizations: Manhattan Project, Service, Manhattan, US Army, AP, Getty, University of Chicago's Metallurgical Laboratory, Chicago Met, Los Angeles Examiner, USC, Columbia, Keystone, Gamma, Columbia University, University of Chicago, Trinity Test, University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Hulton, Trinity, Deutsch, Los Alamos, University of Chicago's Metallurgical, Atomic Energy Commission, Harvard University, MIT Rad Lab, Denver, Chicago Met Lab, Materials Laboratory, Los, Radiation Laboratory, MIT, University of Chicago's, Princeton University, Naval Research Lab, Washington, US Naval Research Laboratory, Science, World Affairs, Einstein, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Harvard, Institute for Locations: Wall, Silicon, Polish, Denmark, Copenhagen, Nazi, London , Washington, Los Alamos, German, Germany, Japan, Manhattan, British, France, Washington, DC, Berkeley, Ridge , Tennessee, Los, New Mexico, Hanford, antiprotons, Hiroshima, Lowell Georgia, San Diego, Chicago, Washington ,

☆ The Black scientists behind the Manhattan Project, the atomic bomb program that inspired the movie 'Oppenheimer'
▼ + stars: | 2023-07-19 | by ( Yoonji Han | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +6 min

There were at least 19 Black scientists and technicians who worked on the Manhattan Project. In the labs, there were at least 19 Black scientists and technicians among the 400 or so scientists employed by the project. The project was unique for bringing together "colored and white, Christian and Jew" for a common cause, Arthur Compton, the Manhattan Project director in Chicago, said. The Manhattan Project did create opportunities for Black Americans' advancements, but many Black workers grappled with Jim Crow segregation. Many Black scientists involved in the Manhattan Project went on to build careers that advanced technology and expanded opportunities for other Black scientists.

Persons: Jim Crow, Robert Oppenheimer, Enrico Fermi, Arthur Compton, —, Franklin D, Roosevelt, William Jacob Knox , Jr, Knox, Jesse Ernest Wilkins, Wilkins, Jasper Jeffries, Carolyn Parker, Samuel Proctor Massie, Moddie Daniel Taylor, Jeffries —, Szilard, Truman, Du Bois, Langston Hughes Organizations: Manhattan, Americans, Service, Manhattan Project, Black Americans, Black, Bilderwelt, Chicago Defender, Atomic Heritage Foundation Black, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Columbia University, University of Chicago's, University of Chicago, Met Lab, Atomic Heritage Foundation, MIT Locations: Wall, Silicon, Germany, New York City, Chicago, Government, Hanford, Manhattan, Negros, Japan, Hiroshima

☆ A Poisonous Cold War Legacy That Defies a Solution
▼ + stars: | 2023-05-31 | by ( Ralph Vartabedian | ) www.nytimes.com time to read: +1 min

From 1950 to 1990, the U.S. Energy Department produced an average of four nuclear bombs every day, turning them out of hastily built factories with few environmental safeguards that left behind a vast legacy of toxic radioactive waste. Nowhere were the problems greater than at the Hanford Site in Washington State, where engineers sent to clean up the mess after the Cold War discovered 54 million gallons of highly radioactive sludge left from producing the plutonium in America’s atomic bombs, including the one dropped on the Japanese city of Nagasaki in 1945. Cleaning out the underground tanks that were leaching poisonous waste toward the Columbia River just six miles away and somehow stabilizing it for permanent disposal presented one of the most complex chemical problems ever encountered. Engineers thought they had solved it years ago with an elaborate plan to pump out the sludge, embed it in glass and deposit it deep in the mountains of the Nevada desert.

Organizations: U.S . Energy Department, Engineers Locations: Hanford, Washington State, Nagasaki, Columbia, Nevada

☆ For only the second time in its history, the US Navy is beginning the slow, tricky process of taking apart a nuclear-powered aircraft carrier
▼ + stars: | 2023-05-01 | by ( Michael Peck | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +6 min

In April, the Navy published a notice announcing the beginning of planning to scrap the USS Nimitz. But Nimitz will be only the second nuclear-powered carrier to go through deactivation and defueling. The Nimitz would only be the second American nuclear-powered carrier scheduled to be scrapped. The first is the USS Enterprise, which was commissioned in 1961 and was also the world's first nuclear-powered carrier. The private shipyard will probably be in Alabama, Texas, or Virginia, according to a draft environmental impact statement posted on a special Navy carrier disposal website.

☆ Parts of Yosemite National Park Closing as Flooding Looms
▼ + stars: | 2023-04-25 | by ( April Rubin | ) www.nytimes.com time to read: 1 min

Parts of Yosemite National Park will close on Friday ahead of flooding threatened by the melting of huge amounts of snowpack, a delayed blow from record-breaking severe weather this winter. The closure will last until at least May 3, the national park said on Twitter. The snowpack, which forced the park to close earlier this year, is forecast to melt and increase river flows, according to the National Weather Service in Hanford, Calif. In Yosemite Valley, El Capitan crossover, a road that crosses the Merced River and sits east of the El Capitan rock formation, will close. “Parking in western Yosemite Valley and throughout the park will be extremely limited.

☆ California and other Western states lead in unhealthy levels of air pollution, report shows
▼ + stars: | 2023-04-19 | by ( Emma Newburger | ) www.cnbc.com time to read: +4 min

The "State of the Air" report found that nearly 120 million people, more than a third of the population, lived in areas with unhealthy levels of air pollution between 2019 and 2021. The report assigned letter grades reflecting the number of days that air quality in a specific area reached unhealthy levels on the Air Quality Index. Exposure to unhealthy levels of ozone air pollution makes breathing difficult for more people across the U.S. than any other single pollutant, the report said. Wildfires in the region were a major factor in the increasing number of days and places with unhealthy levels of particle pollution, the report found. The report used data from air-quality monitors managed by state, local and tribal air pollution control authorities in counties across the country.

☆ You can run for president from prison. Here's what happened when 2 candidates campaigned from behind bars.
▼ + stars: | 2023-03-31 | by ( Chris Panella | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +5 min

Two previous candidates, Eugene V. Debs in 1920, and Lyndon LaRouche in 1992, both ran from prison. If Trump is convicted, it's possible he could run for president from behind bars. Socialist Eugene V. Debs ran from behind bars over 100 years agoThe socialist party 1904 Eugene V. Debs and Ben Hanford. HUM Images/Universal Images Group via Getty ImagesIn 1920, Socialist Eugene V. Debs ran for the Oval Office from the Atlanta Federal Penitentiary, where he was known as "prisoner 9653," according to Smithsonian Magazine. Alex Brandon/File/APWhile Debs and LaRouche were both unsuccessful in their campaigns, they both were still able to run for president while behind bars.

LOS ANGELES, March 22 (Reuters) - Tens of thousands of storm-weary Californians were without power and under evacuation warnings on Wednesday as the latest storm packing wind-blown rain and snow threatened to bring more flooding to the rain-soaked state. Any more rain that we get today is only going to cause more flooding or worsen the flooding that is ongoing," said Bill South, a National Weather Service meteorologist in Hanford, California. [1/3] Floodwaters from the Tule River inundate the area after days of heavy rain in Corcoran, California, U.S., March 21, 2023. Total snow accumulations of up to 4 feet (1.22 m) and locally up to 5 feet, were in the forecast, the weather service said. California's harsh winter has caused widespread property damage and upheaval for thousands of residents, with more than 20 deaths attributed to the storms.

☆ As US planes bombed Japan in World War II, the Japanese sent balloons across the ocean to try to set the US on fire
▼ + stars: | 2023-02-06 | by ( Benjamin Brimelow | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +7 min

During World War II, Japan used balloons to strike the US as US troops advanced across the Pacific. They were the first and only victims of a Japanese Fu-Go balloon bomb, and the only Americans killed by enemy action in the continental US during the war. A complex weapon with a simple missionAn exploding fuse releases a sandbag from a "chandelier" on a Japanese Fu-Go balloon bomb. A strange legacyA Japanese Fu-Go balloon inflated for testing at a California base after it was recovered in Alturas, California, on January 10, 1945. Since it traveled over 5,000 miles, the Fu-Go balloon is the first weapon system ever to have intercontinental range.

☆ Qantas plane lands safely after mayday call over Pacific
▼ + stars: | 2023-01-18 | by ( Associated Press | ) www.nbcnews.com time to read: +1 min

A Qantas flight traveling from New Zealand to Sydney landed safely on a single engine after it issued a mayday call over the Pacific Ocean on Wednesday. Qantas Flight 144 with 145 passengers aboard landed at Sydney Airport from Auckland, New Zealand, after a 3.5-hour flight between the neighboring nations’ most populous cities. Passengers told reporters in Sydney that they were told when they left the plane that an engine had failed. Sydney Airport said emergency crews were put on standby as a precaution, including firefighters, ambulances and police. Neil Hanford, chairman of Strategic Aviation Solutions, a Sydney-based industry consultancy, said 737s can fly quickly and land safely on a single engine.

☆ Here's how the US government is developing 5G for underwater Navy sensors and bomb disposal on land
▼ + stars: | 2022-12-20 | by ( Clara Mcmichael | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +5 min

The US government is working to integrate 5G into technology that addresses environmental hazards. The Navy is working with an Energy Department subsidiary on 5G tech meant to detect marine life. This article is part of "How 5G Is Changing Everything," a series about transformational 5G tech across industries. The lab collaborates with other government agencies to weave the latest 5G technology into their operations and has worked on projects ranging from underwater sensors to land-based bomb-disposal robots. The Navy is particularly interested in working on 5G underwater, where it could enable faster data collection and analysis, more efficient environmental monitoring, and better communication with the Navy's underwater assets.

☆ Live Results: Rep. David Valadao, an anti-Trump Republican, faces off against Democrat Rudy Salas in California's 22nd Congressional District election
▼ + stars: | 2022-11-08 | by ( Hanna Kang | April Joyner | Nov | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +4 min

Rep. David Valadao is running against Democratic Assemblyman Rudy Salas in California's 22nd Congressional District. The 22nd District is located in the Central Valley and includes Hanford, where Valadao was born and raised. 2022 General EmbedsCalifornia's 22nd Congressional District candidatesValadao is one of the few House Republicans who voted to impeach President Donald Trump. Similar to Valadao, Salas has represented the agricultural heart of California since 2012 and has supported Latino students' education. Voting history for California's 22nd Congressional DistrictCalifornia's 22nd Congressional District is located in the Central Valley and includes Delano, Porterville, Hanford — where Valadao was born and raised — and portions of Bakersfield.

☆ Rep. David Valadao, an anti-Trump Republican, faces off against Democrat Rudy Salas in California's 22nd Congressional District election
▼ + stars: | 2022-10-21 | by ( Hanna Kang | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +4 min

Rep. David Valadao is running against Democratic Assemblyman Rudy Salas in California's 22nd Congressional District. The 22nd District is located in the Central Valley and includes Hanford, where Valadao was born and raised. California's 22nd Congressional District candidatesValadao is one of the few House Republicans who voted to impeach President Donald Trump. Similar to Valadao, Salas has represented the agricultural heart of California since 2012 and has supported Latino students' education. Voting history for California's 22nd Congressional DistrictCalifornia's 22nd Congressional District is located in the Central Valley and includes Delano, Porterville, Hanford — where Valadao was born and raised — and portions of Bakersfield.

☆ Faraday Future says 'misinformation campaign' hurt fundraising efforts
▼ + stars: | 2022-09-22 | by ( ) www.reuters.com time to read: +2 min

Faraday Future's luxury electric car FF91 is seen at the company's headquarters in Gardena, California, U.S. November 21, 2019. REUTERS/Lucy NicholsonRegister now for FREE unlimited access to Reuters.com RegisterSept 22 (Reuters) - Faraday Future Intelligent Electric (FFIE.O) said on Thursday a "misinformation campaign" has affected its fundraising efforts as the startup looks to start production of its FF 91 luxury electric car. Late last month, some Faraday Future employees wrote to the board and shareholders seeking the removal of executive chairperson Susan Swenson, suspecting she had organized attempts to "push the company into bankruptcy and restructuring". Amid cooling capital market conditions, Faraday Future has faced hurdles to raise funds required to start production of its car at its Hanford facility in California. Register now for FREE unlimited access to Reuters.com RegisterReporting by Akash Sriram in Bengaluru; Editing by Krishna Chandra EluriOur Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.

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